The fourth and present church was conceived after the great earthquake of destroyed the church and the village. In construction of the new and present church began. Converted natives accomplished most of the labor under the guidance of master stonemason Antonio Ramirez. The new church was immense at feet long and 38 feet wide, with its interior containing six chapels.
The main walls were made of local sandstone, and the exterior had heavy buttresses for support. In addition to the church, the Santa Barbara Mission also consisted of housing for the priests, workshop space, storehouses, and hundreds of small adobe huts for native housing. Throughout the early s, life at the mission revolved around agricultural pursuits as well as religion.
The Franciscans and converted Indians tended crops of wheat, barley, corn, beans, peas, oranges, and olives. As early as , an impressive aqueduct system was implemented that included a dam across nearby Pedregoso Creek. Water was diverted into a large settling tank for filtration and then collected feet from the mission church in a stonewalled reservoir.
A fountain and a long laundry trough sprang from the reservoir by The fountain and reservoir are still intact just outside the church today. As the mission grew, so did the scale and quality of its church building. The church that dated from was constructed from adobe and tile. The fourth and present church was conceived after the great earthquake of completely ruined the previous adobe version. In construction of the grand new church began. Converted natives accomplished most of the labor under the guidance of master stonemason Antonio Ramirez.
The church was immense at feet long and 38 feet wide its interior contained six chapels. The main walls were made of local sandstone and the exterior had heavy buttresses for support. In addition to the church, the Santa Barbara Mission also consisted of housing for the priests, workshop space, storehouses, and hundreds of small adobe huts for native housing.
Throughout the early s, life at the mission revolved around agricultural pursuits as well as religion. The Franciscans and converted tribes-people tended crops of wheat, barley, corn, beans, peas, oranges, and olives. As early as , an impressive aqueduct system was implemented that included a dam across the nearby Pedregoso creek. Water was diverted into a large settling tank for filtration and then collected in a stonewalled reservoir feet from the mission church.
Native customs did not die out all together in arts or belief, however. In the 's Rafael Solares pictured in museum room 1 in spiritual leader's garb was the last Antap Native spiritual leader and also the sacristan of Mission Santa Ines and an active Christian leader. Many Chumash descendants still live in the Santa Barbara area today. A number of Indian community groups keep culture alive and provide social, cultural, medical, and preservation programs that benefit the Indian community.
The Franciscans introduced agriculture to the Indians. The principal products of the field were wheat, barley, corn, beans, and peas. Orange and olive trees were planted and vines were cultivated. Water was brought from the mountain creeks to irrigate the fields and for domestic use. To impound these waters the Indian Dam was built in , about two miles upstream. The water was led to the Mission by an aqueduct, the water flowing by gravity.
The ruins of these, together with a mill, tanning vats, a storage reservoir, and a filter may be seen near the Mission today. Mission Santa Barbara had cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules and horses in great number. In , there were 5, head of cattle, and in , 11, head of sheep. At the Mission, the Indians made adobes, tiles, shoes, and woolen garments, learned the trades of carpenter and mason, and became herdsmen and farmers.
They also leaned to sing and play European instrumental music. Church services were accompanied by an Indian choir and instrumental ensemble of violins, cellos, woodwinds, and brasses rather than an organ. The original purpose of the Mission was the christianazation of the Chumash Indians.
This was considered accomplished by the 's. With no new converts, the Mission's Indian population started to go down. Spain had lost California to Mexico in , and in the Mission was secularized. Indians were placed under civil jurisdiction not church authority. Civil administration resulted in a deterioration of lifestyle and buildings.
Duran was then appointed administrator in , and in the Missions were returned to the Franciscans. Two years later the Governor confiscated the lands and in the Mission was sold. The missionaries were allowed to conduct services in the church unlike many California Missions which were abandoned or turned into barns. The report prepared by the priests of Mission Santa Barbara for this year was the same as the last -- repairs to the Mission structures caused by the December, earthquake continued.
Construction resumed this year. Hippolyte Bouchard invaded Alta California. O'Keefe No new buildings were added to the Mission compound as it was considered to be complete Geiger Both Alta and Baja California constituted a territory under Mexican government rule.
Geiger , Engelhardt , Bancroft Father Ripoll left Mission Santa Barbara rather than take an oath of allegiance to the new government. In December the first Ayuntamiento was ordered by Governor Echeandia which changed the Santa Barbara Presidio from military to civil government Writers' Project American settler Daniel Hill constructed an adobe house with the first wooden floor in Santa Barbara.
Alfred Robinson twice visited Santa Barbara. Construction of a second tower was begun at Mission Santa Barbara Geiger An unidentified epidemic, possibly influenza, swept through the missions. Completion of the second tower of Mission Church at Santa Barbara.
William Hartnell was appointed Inspector of the Missions. The number of non-native inhabitants in the Santa Barbara area increased to The death of the 3,th Chumash neophyte was noted in the Mission registers. Governor Pio Pico published a decree for the sale and leasing of mission buildings and lands, excepting the church, priests' residence, and school. War was declared between the United States and Mexico.
The American brig Elizabeth wrecked near Santa Barbara. The Treaty of Guadalupe was signed, making California American territory. Mission Santa Barbara became an apostolic college. The first newspaper in Santa Barbara was established as a weekly called the Gazette published by B. A lighthouse was erected on July 3 as an aid to ships passing through the Santa Barbara Channel. The Santa Barbara Mission was again used for public services. City Council authorized leveling State Street for vehicular traffic Williams, Santa Barbara County suffers from a drought which resulted in the closure of many area cattle ranches Writers' Project Spanish was selected as the official language of Santa Barbara for all public records Writers' Project The Apostolic College began a school for boys for both day students and boarders, known as the Colegio Franciscano.
The Santa Barbara Post newspaper was started by E. The remaining portion of the Mission's front wing has second story added, to be used for classrooms, dormitories, and private rooms Geiger Overland Telegraph strung wires down State Street from poles Tompkins, English replaced Spanish as the official language of all public documents in Santa Barbara Writers' Project Trees now known as the Cota sycamores were planted near the cemetery wall along Los Olivos Street Geiger Pipes were laid to conduct water into the Mission's front interior quadrangle where a new fountain was construction.
Stearns Wharf was constructed at the foot of State Street and the first volunteer fire fighting company began to function Writers' Project New York journalist Charles Nordhoff visited Santa Barbara and wrote a best selling book promoting the community's charms. Santa Barbara's street lamps were lit with gas for the first time on February 21 Writers' Project President Ulysses S.
City Council allocated funding to grade State Street on a regular basis to keep it clean and to aid in controlling the build-up of mud Burschinger, City formalized street numbers of businesses and residences along State Street Burschinger, A single track of rails was placed along the west side of State Street from Sola Street to Stearns Wharf for horse or mule-drawn street cars Craig, The Colegio Franciscano was closed due to increasing debt and decreasing number of students.
Repairs were made to the Mission's roof. Santa Barbara City Council established the first free library and reading room on February 16 Writers' Project The Apostolic College gave up its independent existence. Natural gas a crude oil were first extracted from the Santa Barbara Channel along the coast at Summerland Writers' Project Sunset Telegraph Company installed lines on poles which also carried the pre-existing telegraph lines Craig, Walter N. The worn twelve-foot-wide wooden sidewalks along State Street were rebuilt Craig, A large vegetable garden was laid out west of the cemetery.
Front shingle roof of monastery replaced with tiles. City's first sewer system was installed requiring trenching for placement of sewer pipes Tompkins, In April Benjamin Harrison was the first U. Land north of the present Alameda Padre Serra, part of the present Mission Historical Park, was fenced in presumably with an adobe wall. The original roofless adobe charnel house construction date unknown was converted to 21 stone burial vaults for Franciscan friars Geiger Consolidated Electric Company installed trolley wires to replace mule-drawn cars.
The west wing of the original Mission quadrangle is given an additional story-and-a-half. By this date, the original tile floor of the interior corridor facing the garden of the front south wing was replaced by cement Geiger Santa Barbara Police Department is created with one chief and two officers. News Press A door on the west side of the church was widened into a door with a window Geiger Lands behind the Mission were sold to the City of Santa Barbara, which erected a large reservoir Geiger A frenzy of oil drilling at the end of piers on Summerland's beaches hits a peak with wells.
A new L-shaped addition is built to adjoin the western end of the front wing of the Mission. A vineyard was planted in front of the Mission. This is the approximate date of the planting of palms around the interior Mission fountain constructed in Geiger The Anna S. A door was cut into the Mission church wall to serve as a means of communication between the sacristy and sanctuary. Much interior renovation of the Church occurred, especially in the sanctuary, which was extended forward, had its floor raised and replaced with new concrete.
A large cross is placed on the front lawn of the Mission. Construction began on Gibraltar Dam to provide a reservoir of water for City use. Santa Barbara News Press An independent western province of monasteries was established.
Additional stone burial vaults were added Geiger The first auto theft arrest takes place at Mission and De la Vina streets. Construction was completed on Sheffield Reservoir as a water storage facility for the City of Santa Barbara water system Writers' Project Santa Barbara Police get their first shooting range, in the form of a hillside in Sycamore Canyon.
The Santa Barbara Community Arts Association was formed in January composed of artists, musicians, writers and friends of the arts Writers' Project The Potter Hotel burned on April The north wing and the service wing along Mission Canyon were added to St. Burton Mound yielded an abundant variety of Chumash artifacts from archaeological excavations at the site of the Potter Hotel Writers' Project A citizen's group buys up land along the beach on Cabrillo Boulevard to save it from development.
Santa Barbara's first radio station, KDB, began broadcasting. Writers' Project ; Geiger The City Architectural Board of Review was first organized to review architectural plans for post-earthquake construction designs. Post-earthquake reconstruction efforts continued throughout Santa Barbara Writers' Project The Blaksley Botanic Garden was established by Mrs. A substantial new source of petroleum was discovered in the Santa Barbara Channel at the Ellwood Oil Field which produced 86, barrels the first year Writers' Project The damaged front wing of the Mission was repaired and again occupied Geiger The first rules and regulations for the Santa Barbara Police Department are established, and the first written examination for police officers is given for hiring eligibility.
Hundreds of offshore oil wells are now in production on piers along the South Coast, mostly at Ellwood. The County enacts a zoning ordinance for Montecito, the first for an unincorporated community in the state. The Santa Barbara Breakwater was completed and presented to the City on June 30 creating the community's first safe harbor for commercial and private boats, but the project halts the natural flow of sand to beaches in Montecito, and lawsuits ensue.
Additional stone burial vaults were added to the Mission complex Geiger Santa Barbara Police don the blue uniform for the first time. Santa Barbara becomes the first agency nationally in which all of its officers could perform first aid. The th anniversary, the sesquicentennial, of the Mission's founding was celebrated. The first radio transmitter is installed in police vehicles, but it is necessary to drive to the top of the hill to be heard.
Police officers begin dealing with a vagrancy problem in town. The physical condition of the Mission church was described as perilous, due to continuing neglect and deterioration. The Mission towers and facade were completely torn down and then restored Geiger The Santa Barbara Historical Society occupied five rooms in the front wing of the Mission until they moved out in An extensive building program for expansion of the Mission facilities was started.
The Architectural Board of Review published a statement advocating traditional Mediterranean architectural styles for Santa Barbara.
A new mausoleum is constructed in the area directly north of the Mission Cemetery Snethcamp Police department moves from the basement of City Hall to the headquarters on Figueroa Street where it remains today.
Cemetery walks covered with asphalt Geiger Architectural historian David Gebhard - joined the faculty at UCSB and became active in City architectural and planning review issues. The Santa Barbara City Council petitions Congress to make all federal waters of the channel an oil-free sanctuary. The current archive-library wing was constructed on the west wing, replacing the earlier wing. The January 28 blowout of a well at Unocal's Platform A in the Santa Barbara Channel causes an oil spill of major dimensions, fouling local beaches for months.
Santa Barbara police assist in the Isla Vista Riots. Plans for 1, homes at El Capitan Ranch on the Gaviota Coast are defeated in a countywide referendum. The Santa Barbara Charter is amended to limit buildings to four stories. A program is developed to produce videotapes for police training purposes.
California voters approve a ballot initiative setting up the state Coastal Commission. Because of a limited water supply, the Goleta Water Board imposes a moratorium on new hookups, slowing the pace of development. Santa Barbara downsizes its residential properties, preventing the construction of 23, additional homes that might have been allowed under the previous zoning. In an advisory election, Santa Barbara voters overwhelmingly endorse a population cap of 85, The County rezones 36, acres of farmland in the Santa Ynez Valley to ensure that housing tracts will not be built there.
At odds with the city over their contract, the police union strikes for 21 days, the longest police strike in California history.
Santa Barbara News Press. Santa Barbara voters amend the City Charter to state that the city must "live within local resources. County voters approve an advisory ballot measure in favor of stronger regulations for coastal oil development.
Newly appointed Police Chief Richard Breza begins to implement his community-oriented policing philosophy, which results in several crime prevention programs. After a court battle, Exxon accedes to county demands for air quality controls at offshore oil platforms. The county and state reject Arco's plans for three new oil platforms off Coal Oil Point, and an on shore gas processing plant.
Santa Barbara voters approve Measure E, limiting commercial growth in the city. The County Board of Supervisors places a ceiling on growth in Goleta, allowing new homes and 80, square feet of commercial development per year.
As a direct result of the county's victory against Exxon, Congress amends the federal Clean Air Act, delegating the regulatory authority for offshore oil platforms to local jurisdictions.
Santa Barbara inaugurates the first desalination plant in the county, but it quickly shuts down because the water is not needed. Unocal faces criminal charges for allegedly covering up a giant oil spill from leaking underground pipelines at the mouth of the Santa Maria River.
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